如何 - 幻燈片畫廊
學習如何使用 CSS 和 JavaScript 建立響應式幻燈片畫廊。
幻燈片畫廊
幻燈片用於迴圈瀏覽元素
建立幻燈片畫廊
步驟 1) 新增 HTML
示例
<!-- 影像畫廊的容器 -->
<div class="container">
<!-- 帶編號文字的全寬影像 -->
<div class="mySlides">
<div class="numbertext">1 / 6</div>
<img src="img_woods_wide.jpg" style="width:100%">
</div>
<div class="mySlides">
<div class="numbertext">2 / 6</div>
<img src="img_5terre_wide.jpg" style="width:100%">
</div>
<div class="mySlides">
<div class="numbertext">3 / 6</div>
<img src="img_mountains_wide.jpg" style="width:100%">
</div>
<div class="mySlides">
<div class="numbertext">4 / 6</div>
<img src="img_lights_wide.jpg" style="width:100%">
</div>
<div class="mySlides">
<div class="numbertext">5 / 6</div>
<img src="img_nature_wide.jpg" style="width:100%">
</div>
<div class="mySlides">
<div class="numbertext">6 / 6</div>
<img src="img_snow_wide.jpg" style="width:100%">
</div>
<!-- 上一個和下一個按鈕 -->
<a class="prev" onclick="plusSlides(-1)">❮</a>
<a class="next" onclick="plusSlides(1)">❯</a>
<!-- 影像文字 -->
<div class="caption-container">
<p id="caption"></p>
</div>
<!-- 縮圖 -->
<div class="row">
<div class="column">
<img class="demo cursor" src="img_woods.jpg" style="width:100%" onclick="currentSlide(1)" alt="The Woods">
</div>
<div class="column">
<img class="demo cursor" src="img_5terre.jpg" style="width:100%" onclick="currentSlide(2)" alt="Cinque Terre">
</div>
<div class="column">
<img class="demo cursor" src="img_mountains.jpg" style="width:100%" onclick="currentSlide(3)" alt="Mountains and fjords">
</div>
<div class="column">
<img class="demo cursor" src="img_lights.jpg" style="width:100%" onclick="currentSlide(4)" alt="Northern Lights">
</div>
<div class="column">
<img class="demo cursor" src="img_nature.jpg" style="width:100%" onclick="currentSlide(5)" alt="Nature and sunrise">
</div>
<div class="column">
<img class="demo cursor" src="img_snow.jpg" style="width:100%" onclick="currentSlide(6)" alt="Snowy Mountains">
</div>
</div>
</div>
步驟 2) 新增 CSS
樣式化影像畫廊、上一個和下一個按鈕、標題文字和圓點
示例
* {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
/* 影像容器的位置（用於定位左右箭頭） */
.container {
position: relative;
}
/* 預設隱藏影像 */
.mySlides {
display: none;
}
/* 滑鼠懸停在縮圖上時顯示指標 */
.cursor {
cursor: pointer;
}
/* 下一個 & 上一個按鈕 */
.prev,
.next {
cursor: pointer;
position: absolute;
top: 40%;
width: auto;
padding: 16px;
margin-top: -50px;
color: white;
font-weight: bold;
font-size: 20px;
border-radius: 0 3px 3px 0;
user-select: none;
-webkit-user-select: none;
}
/* 將“下一個按鈕”定位到右側 */
.next {
right: 0;
border-radius: 3px 0 0 3px;
}
/* 懸停時，新增帶有一點半透明效果的黑色背景色 */
.prev:hover,
.next:hover {
background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.8);
}
/* 編號文字（1/3 等） */
.numbertext {
color: #f2f2f2;
font-size: 12px;
padding: 8px 12px;
position: absolute;
top: 0;
}
/* 影像文字容器 */
.caption-container {
text-align: center;
background-color: #222;
padding: 2px 16px;
color: white;
}
.row:after {
content: "";
display: table;
clear: both;
}
/* 六列並排 */
.column {
float: left;
width: 16.66%;
}
/* 為縮圖新增透明效果 */
.demo {
opacity: 0.6;
}
.active,
.demo:hover {
opacity: 1;
}
步驟 3) 新增 JavaScript
示例
let slideIndex = 1;
showSlides(slideIndex);
// 上一個/下一個控制元件
function plusSlides(n) {
showSlides(slideIndex += n);
}
// 縮圖控制元件
function currentSlide(n) {
showSlides(slideIndex = n);
}
function showSlides(n) {
let i;
let slides = document.getElementsByClassName("mySlides");
let dots = document.getElementsByClassName("demo");
let captionText = document.getElementById("caption");
if (n > slides.length) {slideIndex = 1}
if (n < 1) {slideIndex = slides.length}
for (i = 0; i < slides.length; i++) {
slides[i].style.display = "none";
}
for (i = 0; i < dots.length; i++) {
dots[i].className = dots[i].className.replace(" active", "");
}
slides[slideIndex-1].style.display = "block";
dots[slideIndex-1].className += " active";
captionText.innerHTML = dots[slideIndex-1].alt;
}
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