R For Loop
For 迴圈
A for loop is used for iterating over a sequence
This is less like the for keyword in other programming languages, and works more like an iterator method as found in other object-oriented programming languages.
With the for loop we can execute a set of statements, once for each item in a vector, array, list, etc..
示例
Print every item in a list
fruits <- list("apple", "banana", "cherry")
for (x in fruits) {
print(x)
}
自己動手試一試 »
The for loop does not require an indexing variable to set beforehand, like with while loops.
Break
With the break statement, we can stop the loop before it has looped through all the items
示例
Stop the loop at "cherry"
fruits <- list("apple", "banana", "cherry")
for (x in fruits) {
if (x == "cherry") {
break
}
print(x)
}
自己動手試一試 »
The loop will stop at "cherry" because we have chosen to finish the loop by using the break statement when x is equal to "cherry" (x == "cherry").
下一步
With the next statement, we can skip an iteration without terminating the loop
示例
Skip "banana"
fruits <- list("apple", "banana", "cherry")
for (x in fruits) {
if (x == "banana") {
next
}
print(x)
}
自己動手試一試 »
When the loop passes "banana", it will skip it and continue to loop.
Yahtzee!
If .. Else Combined with a For Loop
To demonstrate a practical example, let us say we play a game of Yahtzee!
示例
Print "Yahtzee!" If the dice number is 6
dice <- 1:6
for(x in dice) {
if (x == 6) {
print(paste("The dice number is", x, "Yahtzee!"))
} else {
print(paste("The dice number is", x, "Not Yahtzee"))
}
}
自己動手試一試 »
If the loop reaches the values ranging from 1 to 5, it prints "No Yahtzee" and its number. When it reaches the value 6, it prints "Yahtzee!" and its number.
